Acid
Anhydrides
Nomenclature
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Formula
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Functional
class name = alkanoic anhydride
Substituent suffix = -oic anhydride
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- As the name implies,
acid anyhydrides are derivatives of carboxylic acids.
- In principle, they can
be symmetric (where the two R groups are identical) or asymmetric (where the
two R groups are different).
- Symmetric anhydrides
are the most common, they are named as alkanoic anhydrides
- Asymmetric anhydrides
are name in a similar fashion listing the alkyl groups in alphabetical order.
- Cyclic anhydrides derived
from dicarboxylic acids are name as -dioic anhydrides.
- Functional group is an acid anhydride therefore suffix = -oic anhydride
- Hydrocarbon structure is an alkane therefore -an-
- The longest continuous chain is C2 therefore root = eth
ethanoic anhydride
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CH3C(=O)OC(=O)CH3 |
- Functional group is an acid anhydride therefore suffix = -oic anhydride
- Hydrocarbon structure is an alkane therefore -an-
- The longest continuous chain is C4 therefore root = but
- The other group is C3 = prop
butanoic propanoic anhydride
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- Functional group is a cyclic acid anhydride therefore suffix = -dioic anhydride
- Hydrocarbon structure is an alkane therefore -an-
- The longest continuous chain is C5 therefore root = pent
pentandioic anhydride
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© M.EL-Fellah ,Chemistry
Department, Garyounis University
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